Correct, Google only maintains compatibility with currently supported versions of Android, which as of this month would be Android 11 and newer.
Yeah, more or less the same reasoning as above. They only ensure currently supported versions can backup/restore to one another.
You would have to move files manually, and as for internal app data, there would not be a solution that would not require rooting both devices.
With a full reset, the transfer data screen will be part of the OOBE (Out Of Box Experience), and should occur after you setup a network connection and it checks for updates with Google.
Sometimes a boot can take longer, especially if it is doing maintenance. You will sometimes see a long boot after a Google Security update.